Top 2 Gastroenterologist in Allahabad (Prayagraj)

The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) acts as a doorway for all the nutrients and various other substances. All the disruptions associated with the intake of food, disorders affecting the GIT and its accessory organs (such as liver, pancreas, gallbladder, etc.) influence an individual's overall health. From the oral cavity (mouth), the GIT continues through the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and ends at the anus. Disruptions in different parts of GIT results in various disorders, which are briefly discussed below.

• Gastritis: 

Inflammation (swelling) of the mucosal lining of the stomach is called gastritis. The most common cause of gastritis is aspirin for a long duration of time and the ingestion of alcoholic beverages. Symptoms include a feeling of fullness, nausea, anorexia (reduced appetite), and pain in the upper abdominal region. Reducing stomach acid is the first and foremost step to treat gastritis. This can be achieved by taking antacids and other proton pump inhibitors. The individuals suffering from gastritis are advised to eat food at regular intervals. The foods which can cause stomach discomfort and flatulence (mostly cruciferous vegetables) are avoided. High-fat foods, heavily spiced foods, and strong flavoring compounds are also restricted.

• Peptic Ulcers: 

A bacteria called Helicobacter pylori is usually responsible for causing sores/ulcers in the mucosal lining of the esophagus/stomach/duodenum. Along with the infection by H. pylori, the usage of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSIAD) can also significantly increase the risk of formation of peptic ulcers and can cause ulcer bleeding. The treatment includes prescribing antibiotics (Please do consult with your Hepatology Doctor for any kind of medicine) to kill infections along with prebiotics and probiotics which aids in coating the mucosal lining and reduce the formation of ulcers to kill infections. The patient should take three regular meals and in-between snacks with no added spices and irritants

• Crohn's Disease: 

It is a long-term (chronic) inflammatory disorder of the intestine. It affects the GIT right from the oral cavity and extends to the rectum. In this disease, the lumen of the intestine decreases. This results in slower movement of food, which causes cramping/abdominal discomfort when the food is ingested. Other symptoms include fever, weight loss, nausea, mouth ulcers, anal fissures, vomiting, etc. Chronic watery diarrhea may occur resulting from bile salt malabsorption, microbial overgrowth, and ulceration. Anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheal medications are mostly prescribed. A low fiber diet with high protein and energy is suggested for such patients, along with a limited intake of fat.

• Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): 

IBS is a functional bowel disorder characterized by discomfort or pain in the abdominal region along with various other symptoms such as diarrhea, constipation (or episodes of both), and flatulence. Treatment of IBS depends on the symptoms. Offending foods that can trigger diarrhea or constipation should be identified and avoided. The most common foods identified as a causative agent for IBS are lactose (milk and milk products) and gluten (wheat and wheat products). Treatment of IBS aims to relieve symptoms. Usually, a high fiber diet is suggested to cure constipation, and certain lifestyle modifications (such as regular exercise) is advised before prescribing any drug to the patient.

• Ulcerative Colitis: 

It is a form of inflammatory bowel disease that causes ulcers and inflammation in the colon and rectum's inner lining. Major symptoms include abdominal pain, pus and mucus in stools, bloody diarrhea, anemia, and anorexia. Treatment of ulcerative colitis focuses on reducing inflammation. Probiotic bacteria are reported to provide relief in this disease by reducing inflammation and increasing the number of anti-inflammatory molecules in the gut. Medications may be prescribed to reduce inflammation. A low fiber diet is needed to minimize fecal volume as excessive fecal matter can create an obstruction. Red meat, dairy products, artificial sweeteners, and caffeine consumption is restricted.

A gastroenterologist deals with all kinds of digestive and gastrointestinal problems, including heartburn, IBS- Irritable bowel syndrome, acid reflux, and Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology is a medical science that focuses on Digestive Track, gallbladder, bile ducts, liver, and pancreas. GI doctors are trained to treat the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts. These Doctors are also trained to do endoscopy and colonoscopy.

If you have problems like chronic pain in the abdomen, heartburn, nausea, chronic constipation, or something not normal in your bowel movement for quite some time and symptoms are getting worse, then your GP may recommend consulting gastroenterology.

When you notice new symptoms and sign in your digestive system or bowel movements such as stomach pain, heartburn, diarrhea, heartburn, or abdominal pain, there might be confusion about what doctor you should consult.

For first-time digestive symptoms, the first step is to get an initial checkup from your family doctor because there is already a connection, and they know your medical history. After running a few tests and physical examination, the doctor will decide if your symptoms and result will require a stomach specialist doctor or gastroenterologist. 

If you have these symptoms for a long time and get worse, you might need to consult a Hepatology doctor or a Liver surgeon.

The stomach doctor is called a gastroenterologist or stomach specialist doctor. A gastroenterologist is a physician specializing in treating digestive and stomach related diseases. "Gastro" word is derived from the Greek word "Gaster," referring to stomach.

Gastroenterologist primarily diagnoses GI disease asking series of questions to patients about their symptoms and their eating habits, allergies, lifestyle and family history. In cases where there are chronic symptoms, they will advise some blood test, stool test, urine analysis, etc.

For further diagnosis, they perform the below nonsurgical procedure:

1. Endoscopic Ultrasound

For upper and lower GI tract examination as well as an examination of internal organs.

2. Colonoscopy

To detect ulcers, polyps, or colon cancer 

3. Liver Biopsies

For further assessment 

4. Signoidoscopies

To evaluate pain and blood loss in the abdomen

5. Capsule Endoscopy

For small intestine assessment

6. Double Baloon endoscopies

To examine the small intestine.

A gastroenterologist is mostly considered a stomach doctor only. They specialize in examining the normal function and diseases of the stomach, gallbladder, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, bile ducts, intestine perforation and liver. They can diagnose conditions like the esophagus cancer, anal fistula and achalasia cardia.

Below are the common condition and disease gastroenterologist diagnose and treat:

• GERD (Heartburn, Acid Reflux)

• Gallbladder Cancer

• Polyps (Abnormal Tissue Growths)

• Hemorrhoids 

• Cancer (Gastrointestinal, Liver, Pancreatic, Colorectal)

• Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

• Celiac Disease

• Inflammatory Bowel Disease

• Ulcers (Painful Sores in the Stomach Lining)

• Pancreatitis

Our GI doctor or liver specialist doctor will ask a series of questions related to your symptoms and ask you for a Liver function test to check hepatitis B, hepatitis C, to determine the effect of side effects of known medication and Liver disorder. The doctor also looks for digestive system diseases that affect the liver. 

For further diagnosis below procedure will de be done to monitor the liver function or related organs.

1. Liver Biopsy:

 It's a procedure done using a needle to remove a small amount of tissue from your liver for further examination in a lab. This will help to diagnose if there is any liver damage or any other problem. This is done mainly to detect liver cancer. 

2. CT scan:

it will show a 3D picture of the liver and gallbladder.

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You should visit a gastroenterologist if you observe the symptoms of a digestive health disorder. Majorly if you need screening for colon related issues.

You should visit the gastroenterologist if you have problems with bowel movement, constipation or chronic diarrhea.

Some common symptoms of liver disease are yellowing of skin and eye, dilation of eye, abdominal pain and swelling, darkening of urine, vomiting, blood in stools, chronic fatigue and itchy skin.

Liver disease is caused by various factors majorly cause of alcohol abuse, fatty liver, hepatitis and other viruses, obesity, diabetes, drug injection using shared needles, hemochromatosis and Wilson’s disease.  There may be two types of fatty liver disease alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

EGD or upper GI endoscopy is the most common test one can undergo for gastric problem, gastroscopy, endoscopic ultrasound, endoscopic retrograde and pH monitoring. Both upper GI and lower GI endoscopy is conducted.

Stomach ulcers are mainly caused by an infection of helicobacter pylori bacteria or from taking excess of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines such as ibuprofen and aspirin.’ If the ulcers turn out to be severe stenting of the stomach and laparoscopic treatment needs to be done.

The increased build up of fat in the liver is called as fatty liver disease. This disease can be characterized as nausea, yellowing of skin, jaundice, weakness and abdominal pain.

It is a condition where the pancreas become inflamed or swollen over a short period of time.

The non-cancerous mass that is built in the liver made up of blood vessels is called as liver hemangioma.

Fatty liver is also called hepatic steatosis.